LMPD Database

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LMP002710

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information
Gene Namelecithin cholesterol acyltransferase
Protein EntryLCAT_MOUSE
UniProt IDP16301
SpeciesMouse
Comments
Comment typeDescription
Catalytic ActivityPhosphatidylcholine + a sterol = 1- acylglycerophosphocholine + a sterol ester. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE- ProRule:PRU10037}.
Developmental StageIn the testis, expressed days 4,8, 14, and 35 of postnatal life with highest levels at day 35. In the brain, expressed in fetal stages and levels begin to rise after day 4 after birth and continue to increase through suckling and weaning reaching a peak at postnatal day 24. In the liver, expressed in fetal life from day 16-21 of gestation with a 3-fold increase in the four final days of gestation. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2600083}.
Disruption PhenotypeNull mice exhibit a 7-fold increase in the cholesteryl ester fatty acid CEFA ratio of APOB lipoprotein CEs. There is also a 3.6 increase in vascular ring O(2) production and plasma phospholipid (PL)-bound-F2-isoprostane levels. This effect is paradoxically reversed in the APOE knockout background. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11809774, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11893779, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19065001}.
Enzyme RegulationAPOA1 is the most potent activator in plasma. Also activated by APOE, APOC1 and APOA4. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15654758, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19065001}.
FunctionCentral enzyme in the extracellular metabolism of plasma lipoproteins. Synthesized mainly in the liver and secreted into plasma where it converts cholesterol and phosphatidylcholines (lecithins) to cholesteryl esters and lysophosphatidylcholines on the surface of high and low density lipoproteins (HDLs and LDLs). The cholesterol ester is then transported back to the liver. Also produced in the brain by primary astrocytes, and esterifies free cholesterol on nascent APOE-containing lipoproteins secreted from glia and influences cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) APOE- and APOA1 levels. Together with APOE and the cholesterol transporter ABCA1, plays a key role in the maturation of glial-derived, nascent lipoproteins. Required for remodeling high-density lipoprotein particles into their spherical forms (By similarity). Has a preference for plasma 16:0-18:2 or 18:O-18:2 phosphatidylcholines. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11809774, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11893779, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15654758, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19065001}.
SimilarityBelongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family. {ECO:0000305}.
Subcellular LocationSecreted. Note=Secreted into blood plasma. Produced in astrocytes and secreted into cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
Tissue SpecificityAbundantly expressed in liver, brain and testis with highest levels in liver. In the brain, found in cerebellum, cerebral cortex, hippocampus and brain stem. Located to neurons and neuroglia. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19065001, ECO:0000269|PubMed:2600083}.