LMPD Database

New search | Record Overview | Ontology/Pathway Information | Domain Information | UniProt Annotations | Related Proteins
LMP001933

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information
Gene Nameprostaglandin D2 synthase (brain)
Protein EntryPTGDS_MOUSE
UniProt IDO09114
SpeciesMouse
Comments
Comment typeDescription
Alternative ProductsEvent=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=2; Name=1; IsoId=O09114-1; Sequence=Displayed; Name=2; IsoId=O09114-2; Sequence=VSP_041029; Note=No experimental confirmation available.;
Biophysicochemical PropertiesKinetic parameters: KM=0.8 uM for prostaglandin H2 {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19546224}; Vmax=5.9 umol/min/mg enzyme {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19546224};
Catalytic Activity(5Z,13E,15S)-9-alpha,11-alpha-epidioxy-15- hydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate = (5Z,13E,15S)-9-alpha,15-dihydroxy- 11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17715133, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19546224}.
Developmental StageInitially detected at 14.5 dpc in the mesenchymal cells of the brain. Later in development, observed in the choroid plexus and within single cells in the brain.
DomainForms a beta-barrel structure that accommodates hydrophobic ligands in its interior. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17715133, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19546224, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19833210}.
FunctionCatalyzes the conversion of PGH2 to PGD2, a prostaglandin involved in smooth muscle contraction/relaxation and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Involved in a variety of CNS functions, such as sedation, NREM sleep and PGE2-induced allodynia, and may have an anti-apoptotic role in oligodendrocytes. Binds small non-substrate lipophilic molecules, including biliverdin, bilirubin, retinal, retinoic acid and thyroid hormone, and may act as a scavenger for harmful hydrophopic molecules and as a secretory retinoid and thyroid hormone transporter. Possibly involved in development and maintenance of the blood-brain, blood-retina, blood-aqueous humor and blood-testis barrier. It is likely to play important roles in both maturation and maintenance of the central nervous system and male reproductive system. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10781097, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11751991, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12077186, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17715133, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19546224, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19833210, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8922532, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9892701}.
InductionBy IL-1 beta and thyroid hormone. Probably induced by dexamethasone, dihydrotestosterone, progesterone, retinoic acid and retinal. Repressed by the Notch-Hes signaling pathway. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10899920}.
Sequence CautionSequence=BAA21769.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=47; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
SimilarityBelongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family. {ECO:0000305}.
Subcellular LocationRough endoplasmic reticulum {ECO:0000250}. Nucleus membrane {ECO:0000250}. Golgi apparatus {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region {ECO:0000250}. Secreted {ECO:0000250}. Note=Detected on rough endoplasmic reticulum of arachnoid and menigioma cells. Localized to the nuclear envelope, Golgi apparatus, secretory vesicles and spherical cytoplasmic structures in arachnoid trabecular cells, and to circular cytoplasmic structures in meningeal macrophages and perivascular microglial cells. In oligodendrocytes, localized to the rough endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope. In retinal pigment epithelial cells, localized to distinct cytoplasmic domains including the perinuclear region. Also secreted (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
SubunitMonomer. {ECO:0000250}.
Tissue SpecificityAbundant in the brain and CNS, where it is expressed in tissues of the blood-brain barrier and secreted into the cerebro-spinal fluid. In the male reproductive system, it is expressed in the testis, efferent ducts and epididymis, and is secreted into the seminal fluid. In the eye, it is expressed in the pigmented epithelium of the retina and the nonpigmented epithelium of the ciliary body, and secreted into the aqueous humor. Low levels detected in various tissue fluids such as serum, normal urine, ascitic fluid and tear fluid. Also found in a number of other organs including the ear, heart and lung. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11105911, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11751991, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8922532, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9892701}.