LMP000511 UniProt Annotations
Gene Name protein kinase C, epsilon Protein Entry KPCE_MOUSE UniProt ID P16054 Species Mouse
Comment type Description Catalytic Activity ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. Domain The C1 domain, containing the phorbol ester/DAG-type region 1 (C1A) and 2 (C1B), is the diacylglycerol sensor and the C2 domain is a non-calcium binding domain. Enzyme Regulation Novel PKCs (PRKCD, PRKCE, PRKCH and PRKCQ) are calcium-insensitive, but activated by diacylglycerol (DAG) and phosphatidylserine. Three specific sites; Thr-566 (activation loop of the kinase domain), Thr-710 (turn motif) and Ser-729 (hydrophobic region), need to be phosphorylated for its full activation. Function Calcium-independent, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays essential roles in the regulation of multiple cellular processes linked to cytoskeletal proteins, such as cell adhesion, motility, migration and cell cycle, functions in neuron growth and ion channel regulation, and is involved in immune response, cancer cell invasion and regulation of apoptosis. Mediates cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix via integrin-dependent signaling, by mediating angiotensin-2-induced activation of integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) in cardiac fibroblasts. Phosphorylates MARCKS, which phosphorylates and activates PTK2/FAK, leading to the spread of cardiomyocytes. Involved in the control of the directional transport of ITGB1 in mesenchymal cells by phosphorylating vimentin (VIM), an intermediate filament (IF) protein. In epithelial cells, associates with and phosphorylates keratin-8 (KRT8), which induces targeting of desmoplakin at desmosomes and regulates cell-cell contact. Phosphorylates IQGAP1, which binds to CDC42, mediating epithelial cell-cell detachment prior to migration. During cytokinesis, forms a complex with YWHAB, which is crucial for daughter cell separation, and facilitates abscission by a mechanism which may implicate the regulation of RHOA. In cardiac myocytes, regulates myofilament function and excitation coupling at the Z-lines, where it is indirectly associated with F-actin via interaction with COPB1. During endothelin-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, mediates activation of PTK2/FAK, which is critical for cardiomyocyte survival and regulation of sarcomere length. Plays a role in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy via persistent phosphorylation of troponin I (TNNI3). Involved in nerve growth factor (NFG)-induced neurite outgrowth and neuron morphological change independently of its kinase activity, by inhibition of RHOA pathway, activation of CDC42 and cytoskeletal rearrangement. May be involved in presynaptic facilitation by mediating phorbol ester-induced synaptic potentiation. Phosphorylates gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 (GABRG2), which reduces the response of GABA receptors to ethanol and benzodiazepines and may mediate acute tolerance to the intoxicating effects of ethanol. Upon PMA treatment, phosphorylates the capsaicin- and heat-activated cation channel TRPV1, which is required for bradykinin-induced sensitization of the heat response in nociceptive neurons. Is able to form a complex with PDLIM5 and N-type calcium channel, and may enhance channel activities and potentiates fast synaptic transmission by phosphorylating the pore-forming alpha subunit CACNA1B (CaV2.2). Downstream of TLR4, plays an important role in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced immune response by phosphorylating and activating TICAM2/TRAM, which in turn activates the transcription factor IRF3 and subsequent cytokines production. In differentiating erythroid progenitors, is regulated by EPO and controls the protection against the TNFSF10/TRAIL- mediated apoptosis, via BCL2. May be involved in the regulation of the insulin-induced phosphorylation and activation of AKT1. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11746497, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12407104, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15949469, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16270034, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16445938, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16757566, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18604201}. Interaction Q9CQV8:Ywhab; NbExp=6; IntAct=EBI-298451, EBI-771608; Ptm Phosphorylation on Thr-566 by PDPK1 triggers autophosphorylation on Ser-729 (By similarity). Phosphorylation in the hinge domain at Ser-350 by MAPK11 or MAPK14, Ser-346 by GSK3B and Ser-368 by autophosphorylation is required for interaction with YWHAB. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15345747, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17611075, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18237277, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18604201}. Similarity Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PKC subfamily. {ECO:0000305}. Similarity Contains 1 AGC-kinase C-terminal domain. {ECO:0000305}. Similarity Contains 1 C2 domain. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE- ProRule:PRU00041}. Similarity Contains 1 protein kinase domain. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00159}. Similarity Contains 2 phorbol-ester/DAG-type zinc fingers. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00226}. Subcellular Location Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton {ECO:0000250}. Cell membrane {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17611075}. Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17611075}. Note=Translocated to plasma membrane in epithelial cells stimulated by HGF (By similarity). Associated with the Golgi at the perinuclear site in pre-passage fibroblasts. In passaging cells, translocated to the cell periphery. Translocated to the nucleus in PMA-treated cells. {ECO:0000250}. Subunit Forms a ternary complex with TRIM63 and GN2BL1. Can form a complex with PDLIM5 and N-type calcium channel. Interacts with COPB1, DGKQ and STAT3 (By similarity). Interacts with YWHAB. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11746497, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18604201}.
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