| Comment type | Description |
|---|
| Alternative Products | Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=2; Name=Long; Synonyms=A, B; IsoId=Q02936-1; Sequence=Displayed; Name=Short; IsoId=Q02936-2; Sequence=VSP_002065, VSP_002066; |
| Developmental Stage | Expressed in embryos, larvae and pupae at high levels with maximum expression in 6-12 hours embryos and 0-24 hours pupae. Low levels of expression are seen in adults. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1280560, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1340474, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1394430, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8166882}. |
| Function | Intercellular signal essential for a variety of patterning events during development. Establishes the anterior- posterior axis of the embryonic segments and patterns the larval imaginal disks. Binds to the patched (ptc) receptor, which functions in association with smoothened (smo), to activate the transcription of target genes wingless (wg), decapentaplegic (dpp) and ptc. In the absence of hh, ptc represses the constitutive signaling activity of smo through fused (fu). |
| Function | The hedgehog protein C-product, which mediates the autocatalytic activity, has no signaling activity. |
| Function | The hedgehog protein N-product constitutes the active species in both local and long-range signaling, whereas the C- terminal product has no signaling activity. It acts as a morphogen, and diffuses long distances despite its lipidation. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans of the extracellular matrix play an essential role in diffusion. Lipophorin is required for diffusion, probably by acting as vehicle for its movement, explaining how it can spread over long distances despite its lipidation. |
| Mass Spectrometry | Mass=20238.44; Method=MALDI; Range=85-257; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11486055}; |
| Ptm | Cholesterol attachment plays an essential role in restricting the spatial distribution of hedgehog activity to the cell surface. |
| Ptm | N-terminal palmitoylation of the hedgehog N-product is required for the embryonic and larval patterning activities of the hedgehog signal. Rasp acts within the secretory pathway to catalyze the N-terminal palmitoylation of Hh. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11486055}. |
| Ptm | The C-terminal domain displays autoproteolytic activity. Cleavage of the full-length hedgehog protein is followed by the covalent attachment of a cholesterol moiety to the C-terminus of the newly generated N-terminal fragment (N-product). |
| Sequence Caution | Sequence=AAA28604.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=21, 48; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; |
| Similarity | Belongs to the hedgehog family. {ECO:0000305}. |
| Subcellular Location | Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1280560}. Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1280560}. Note=Nuclear up to embryonic stage 10 and then at stage 11 shifts to the cytoplasm. Also secreted in either cleaved or uncleaved form to mediate signaling to other cells. |
| Subcellular Location | Protein hedgehog C-product: Secreted, extracellular space. Note=The C-terminal peptide diffuses from the cell. |
| Subcellular Location | Protein hedgehog N-product: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Extracellular side. Note=The N-terminal peptide remains associated with the cell surface. |
| Subunit | Interacts with shf. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15691765}. |
| Tissue Specificity | In embryos, expression starts at stage 5 as a few stripes at the anterior and posterior ends, this expands to 17 stripes during stages 8-11. Expression is also seen in CNS and some PNS cells until stage 13-14, and in foregut, hindgut and salivary glands. In larvae, expression is seen in the posterior compartment of the wing imaginal disk. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1280560, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1340474, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1394430, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8166882}. |